About the World Society Foundation v Preface and Acknowledgements vii Introduction: Studying Democracy in Challenging Times 1 Stephen Brown Part 1 Democratization in Mongolia 9 1 The Secret Supports of Mongolian Democracy 11 M. Steven Fish and Michael Seeberg 2 Transformation of Mongolia’s Civil Society in the Post-Socialist Era 27 Byambajav Dalaibuyan 3 The 2017 Deliberative Polling on Draft Amendments to the Mongolian 47 Constitution Munkhsaikhan Odonkhuu 4 Everyday Democracy in Mongolia: An Anthropological 75 Approach to Democracy as Lived in the Ger Districts of Ulaanbaatar Elizabeth Fox Part 2 Comparative Perspectives on Democratic 93 Struggles and the Role of Natural Resources 5 Natural Resources Management in Southeast Asia: 95 Challenges of Corruption, Compliance and Effectiveness Andrea Haefneriv Contents 6 Moments of Change? Negative Revenue Shocks and 109 Political Regimes Delgerjargal Uvsh 7 Buying Votes with Rents: The Politics of Economic Populism and 127 Clientelism in Natural Resource Dependent Democracies Boldsaikhan Sambuu 8 The Influence of International Relations on Democratization, 157 1972 2005 Mathias De Roeck and Ronan Van Rossem 9 The October 1 Catalan Referendum Turns into a Struggle for 189 Democracy Núria Suero Comellas Contributors 207